CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT REQUESTED BY
ADAPTIVE BIOTECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION
CERTAIN PORTIONS OF THIS LETTER AS FILED VIA EDGAR HAVE BEEN OMITTED AND FILED SEPARATELY WITH THE COMMISSION. CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT HAS BEEN REQUESTED FOR THE OMITTED PORTIONS, WHICH HAVE BEEN REPLACED WITH THE FOLLOWING PLACEHOLDER: [***].
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June 4, 2019
VIA EDGAR AND OVERNIGHT DELIVERY
Division of Corporation Finance
United States Securities and Exchange Commission
100 F Street NE
Washington, D.C. 20549
Attention: | Sharon Blume, Accounting Branch Chief Justin Dobbie, Legal Branch Chief Andi Carpenter Julie Griffith | |
Re: | Adaptive Biotechnologies Corporation Draft Registration Statement on Form S-1 Submitted March 29, 2019 CIK No. 0001478320 |
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We are submitting this letter on behalf of Adaptive Biotechnologies Corporation (the Company) in connection with the review by the staff (the Staff) of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the Commission) of the Companys Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-231838) (the Registration Statement), which the Company publicly filed with the Commission on May 30, 2019. Because of the commercially sensitive nature of information contained herein, this submission is accompanied by the Companys request for confidential treatment for selected portions of this letter pursuant to Rule 83 of the Commissions Rules on Information and Requests, 17 C.F.R. § 200.83 and the Freedom of Information Act.
The purposes of this letter are (i) to provide an update to the Staff regarding offering timing considerations and (ii) in order to facilitate the Staffs review of the Companys share-based compensation expense and further to the Companys response to Comment 12 of the Staffs letter to the Company dated April 25, 2019, to inform the Staff that the Company, in consultation with the representatives of the underwriters in the Companys initial public offering, determined that the price range for the Companys common stock is expected to be a [***] range between $[***]
CERTAIN PORTIONS OF THIS LETTER AS FILED VIA EDGAR HAVE BEEN OMITTED AND FILED SEPARATELY WITH THE COMMISSION. CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT HAS BEEN REQUESTED FOR THE OMITTED PORTIONS, WHICH HAVE BEEN REPLACED WITH THE FOLLOWING PLACEHOLDER: [***].
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CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT REQUESTED BY ADAPTIVE BIOTECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION |
and $[***] per share (the Indicative Price Range). The Company expects that it will narrow the Indicative Price Range to a range within the permissible limits that would be reflected in the preliminary prospectus prior to the commencement of the roadshow. Unless otherwise indicated, capitalized terms used herein have the meanings assigned to them in the Registration Statement.
Timing Considerations
The Company advises the Staff that it anticipates printing its preliminary prospectus as soon as [***], 2019 and commencing its road show, with a target pricing date of [***], 2019. The Company will set forth a bona fide preliminary price range in a pre-effective amendment to the Registration Statement prior to the distribution of any preliminary prospectus.
Historical Fair Value Determination Methodology
The Companys discussion of share-based compensation is primarily contained in the sections of the Registration Statement titled Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsCritical Accounting Policies and EstimatesShare-Based Compensation and Common Stock Valuations, which appear on pages 103 through 106 of the Registration Statement. The Companys Board of Directors (the Board) has historically determined the fair value of the Companys common stock using approaches and assumptions consistent with the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants Practice Aid, Valuation of Privately-Held-Company Equity Securities Issued as Compensation.
As described on page 105 of the Registration Statement, the Board has historically considered various objective and subjective factors such as independent valuations performed at periodic intervals by an independent third-party valuation firm; the prices, rights, preferences and privileges of the Companys convertible preferred stock relative to the Companys common stock; the Companys operating and financial performance, forecasts and capital resources; current business conditions; the hiring of key personnel; the Companys stage of commercialization; the status of research and development efforts; the likelihood of achieving a liquidity event for the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of these stock options, such as an initial public offering or sale of the Company, given prevailing market conditions; any adjustment necessary to recognize a lack of marketability for the Companys common stock; trends and developments in the Companys industry; the market performance of comparable publicly traded technology companies; and the U.S. and global economic and capital market conditions.
CERTAIN PORTIONS OF THIS LETTER AS FILED VIA EDGAR HAVE BEEN OMITTED AND FILED SEPARATELY WITH THE COMMISSION. CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT HAS BEEN REQUESTED FOR THE OMITTED PORTIONS, WHICH HAVE BEEN REPLACED WITH THE FOLLOWING PLACEHOLDER: [***].
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Determination of Estimated Value
The independent third-party valuations utilize a hybrid methodology that includes a probability-weighted expected return method (PWERM) and an option pricing method (OPM), which is a highly complex and subjective valuation methodology. Under a PWERM, the fair market value of the common stock is estimated based upon an analysis of future values for the enterprise assuming various future outcomes. Within one of those potential outcomes, the OPM is utilized. The OPM treats the rights of the holders of convertible preferred stock and common stock as equivalent to that of call options on any value of the enterprise above certain break points of value based upon the liquidation preferences of the holders of preferred stock, as well as their rights to participation and conversion. Based on the timing and nature of an assumed liquidity event in each scenario, a discount for lack of marketability either is or is not applied to each scenario as appropriate. The independent third-party then probability-weights the value of each expected outcome to arrive at an estimate of fair value per share of common stock.
CERTAIN PORTIONS OF THIS LETTER AS FILED VIA EDGAR HAVE BEEN OMITTED AND FILED SEPARATELY WITH THE COMMISSION. CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT HAS BEEN REQUESTED FOR THE OMITTED PORTIONS, WHICH HAVE BEEN REPLACED WITH THE FOLLOWING PLACEHOLDER: [***].
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CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT REQUESTED BY ADAPTIVE BIOTECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION |
Stock Awards Since June 1, 2018 and Related Valuations
The table below contains a complete list of all awards of stock options made since June 1, 2018, or twelve months prior to the date of this letter. Note that all grants made during this time were stock option grants.
Award Date |
Options Awarded | Grant Date Exercise Price Per Share |
Grant Date Fair Value Per Share Used in Black-Scholes Option-Pricing Model |
Weighted- Average ASC 718 Fair Value | ||||
7/24/2018 | 271,100 | $6.55 | $6.55 | $4.01 | ||||
10/1/018 | 908,000 | $6.55 | $6.55 | $4.02 | ||||
10/8/2018 | 11,000 | $6.55 | $6.55 | $4.02 | ||||
10/15/2018 | 20,000 | $6.55 | $6.55 | $4.02 | ||||
2/7/2019 | 2,150,000 | $7.27 | $7.80 | $4.81 | ||||
4/23/2019 | 791,956 | $7.80 | $9.28* | $6.45 | ||||
4/24/2019 | 10,000 | $7.80 | $9.28* | $6.44 | ||||
4/29/2019 | 16,875 | $7.80 | $9.28* | $6.44 | ||||
4/30/2019 | 125,000 | $7.80 | $9.28* | $6.44 | ||||
5/6/2019 | 713,350 | $7.80 | $9.28* | $6.44 | ||||
6/3/2019 | 83,150 | $9.62 | $9.62* | $6.35 |
*While the Companys financial statements for the second quarter of 2019 have not been issued, this is the alternate estimated fair value that the Company expects to use when determining share-based compensation expense.
As disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Company has awarded stock options at exercise prices equal to the fair value of the underlying common stock at the time of award, in each case as determined by the Board on a contemporaneous basis. At each award date, the Board acted in good faith to ensure that all relevant business developments were taken into account when making valuation determinations. For financial reporting purposes, management retroactively evaluates the estimated fair value of the common stock utilizing information known as of the date the Company issues its financial statements (which includes information obtained subsequent to the grant dates) in order to determine share-based compensation expense. In some cases, this has resulted in an estimated fair value that exceeded the fair value determined by the Board, and the Company has recorded its share-based compensation expense based on the higher estimated fair value.
CERTAIN PORTIONS OF THIS LETTER AS FILED VIA EDGAR HAVE BEEN OMITTED AND FILED SEPARATELY WITH THE COMMISSION. CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT HAS BEEN REQUESTED FOR THE OMITTED PORTIONS, WHICH HAVE BEEN REPLACED WITH THE FOLLOWING PLACEHOLDER: [***].
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CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT REQUESTED BY ADAPTIVE BIOTECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION |
July October 2018 Awards
In order to assist the Board in determining the estimated fair value per share of common stock, the Company retained a firm to conduct an independent third-party valuation as of December 12, 2017 (the December 2017 Valuation) in determining the $6.55 price per share. This valuation was performed immediately following the Series F-1 preferred stock issuance. The analysis was derived using a 40-60 weighting of a near term initial public offering or merger/acquisition scenario, referred to as a Fully Diluted scenario, and a remaining private scenario, referred to as a Liquidation Preferences scenario, to arrive at the estimated enterprise value. The Fully Diluted scenario assumes all shares of preferred stock convert to shares of common stock, thus there is no benefit to liquidation preferences associated with the shares of preferred stock. The Liquidation Preferences scenario utilizes the option methodology and incorporates a discount for lack of marketability to determine per share value. The Liquidation Preferences scenario was weighted more than the Fully Diluted scenario, given that there were no definitive plans with respect to an exit event. While marketing authorization was granted from the FDA in September 2018 for clonoSEQ, the Companys first clinical diagnostic product, the Companys long-term cash projections did not materially change, as the marketing authorization did not result in any immediate reimbursement decisions from public or private payors. Furthermore, the Company had not contemplated any changes to a near term initial public offering as the Company did not yet have reimbursement for clonoSEQ or other material business developments.
Between July 2018 and October 2018, the Board awarded options to purchase 1,210,100 shares of common stock with an exercise price of $6.55 per share. In the absence of a public trading market, the Board, with input from management, exercised significant judgment and considered numerous objective and subjective factors in determining the fair value of the common stock in connection with such awards, including the December 2017 Valuation, which date followed the Companys Series F-1 Preferred Stock financing, the lack of material developments in the Companys business since the date of the December 2017 Valuation that would affect valuation, other relevant business developments, and the other factors discussed above and on page 105 of the Registration Statement.
February 2019 Awards
In order to assist the Board in determining the estimated fair value per share of common stock, the Company retained a firm to conduct an independent third-party valuation as of December 31, 2018 (the December 2018 Valuation) in determining the $7.27 price per share. The analysis was derived using a 50-50 weighting of the Fully Diluted and Liquidation
CERTAIN PORTIONS OF THIS LETTER AS FILED VIA EDGAR HAVE BEEN OMITTED AND FILED SEPARATELY WITH THE COMMISSION. CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT HAS BEEN REQUESTED FOR THE OMITTED PORTIONS, WHICH HAVE BEEN REPLACED WITH THE FOLLOWING PLACEHOLDER: [***].
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Preferences scenarios to arrive at the estimated enterprise value. The increased weighting of the Fully Diluted scenario from the December 2017 Valuation reflects the achievement of significant commercial milestones, specifically the Companys entry into a collaboration agreement with Genentech. This, along with the January 2019 receipt of a coverage decision for the clonoSEQ test from Medicare, led the Company to begin internal assessments of exploring a potential initial public offering; however, the Company had not held an organizational meeting for a potential initial public offering, nor taken other meaningful steps, beyond internal exploration of the opportunity, to pursue an initial public offering. Accordingly, as of the date of the December 2018 Valuation, the Company faced material deal execution, market receptivity, general commercial and market volatility risk with respect to the probability of successfully completing an initial public offering.
On February 7, 2019, the Board awarded options to purchase 2,150,000 shares of common stock with an exercise price of $7.27 per share. In the absence of a public trading market, the Board, with input from management, exercised significant judgment and considered numerous objective and subjective factors in determining the fair value of the common stock in connection with such awards, including the December 2018 Valuation, the receipt of a coverage decision for the Companys clonoSEQ test from Medicare, other relevant business developments, and the other factors discussed above and on page 105 of the Registration Statement.
April May 2019 Awards
In order to assist the Board in determining the estimated fair value per share of common stock, the Company retained a firm to conduct an independent third-party valuation as of March 31, 2019 (the March 2019 Valuation) in determining the $7.80 price per share. The analysis was derived using a 60-40 weighting of the Fully Diluted and Liquidation Preferences scenarios to arrive at the estimated enterprise value. The increased weighting of the Fully Diluted scenario from the December 2018 Valuation reflected additional progress towards the Companys pursuit of an initial public offering, most notably including the Company holding its organizational meeting in late February 2019 for the proposed initial public offering and the confidential submission of the Companys initial draft registration statement in late March 2019. Although such additional progress may have reduced deal execution risk associated with an initial public offering, as of the date of the March 2019 Valuation, the Company had not conducted testing the waters meetings and still faced material market receptivity, general commercial and market volatility risks with respect to the probability of successfully completing an initial public offering.
In April and May 2019, the Board awarded options to purchase 1,657,181 shares of common stock with an exercise price of $7.80 per share. In the absence of a public trading market, the Board,
CERTAIN PORTIONS OF THIS LETTER AS FILED VIA EDGAR HAVE BEEN OMITTED AND FILED SEPARATELY WITH THE COMMISSION. CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT HAS BEEN REQUESTED FOR THE OMITTED PORTIONS, WHICH HAVE BEEN REPLACED WITH THE FOLLOWING PLACEHOLDER: [***].
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with input from management, exercised significant judgment and considered numerous objective and subjective factors in determining the fair value of the common stock in connection with such awards, including the March 2019 Valuation, which valuation reflected those items previously noted, other relevant business developments, and the other factors discussed above and on page 105 of the Registration Statement.
June 2019 Awards
In order to assist the Board in determining the estimated fair value per share of common stock, the Company retained a firm to conduct an independent third-party valuation as of May 29, 2019 (the May 2019 Valuation) in determining the $9.62 price per share. The analysis was derived using an 80-20 weighting of the Fully Diluted and Liquidation Preferences scenarios to arrive at the estimated enterprise value. The increased weighting of the Fully Diluted scenario from the March 2019 Valuation reflects positive feedback from the Companys testing the waters meetings, which reduced market receptivity risk with respect to the probability of successfully completing an initial public offering, and the Companys continued progress towards its initial public offering, while still accounting for the general commercial and market volatility risk associated with the then-remaining timeline to completion of an initial public offering.
On June 3, 2019, the Board awarded options to purchase 83,150 shares of common stock with an exercise price of $9.62 per share. In the absence of a public trading market, the Board, with input from management, exercised significant judgment and considered numerous objective and subjective factors in determining the fair value of the common stock in connection with such awards, including the May 2019 Valuation, which valuation reflected the Companys progress towards closing its initial public offering, other relevant business developments, and the other factors discussed above and on page 105 of the Registration Statement.
NASDAQ Biotechnology Index Comparison and Analysis
To supplement the Companys analysis of its respective valuations, the Company also considered public company industry performance to assist in the evaluation of the estimated fair value of its common stock. Specifically, the Company considered the NASDAQ Biotechnology Index (the Index) as a broader index to reference for its analysis above. The Index performance from July 24, 2018 to June 3, 2019, the earliest and most recent award dates under analysis in
CERTAIN PORTIONS OF THIS LETTER AS FILED VIA EDGAR HAVE BEEN OMITTED AND FILED SEPARATELY WITH THE COMMISSION. CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT HAS BEEN REQUESTED FOR THE OMITTED PORTIONS, WHICH HAVE BEEN REPLACED WITH THE FOLLOWING PLACEHOLDER: [***].
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CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT REQUESTED BY ADAPTIVE BIOTECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION |
this letter, was negative 14.4%. The percent change in valuation between the Companys stock option awards granted July 24, 2018 and those granted June 3, 2019 was 46.9%. While the Index shows negative movement over the time period under analysis, the Companys increase in valuation reflects continued revenue growth and business progress, offset by forecasted increased losses from increased commercial investments in clonoSEQ and the Companys technology platform, and ballasted by the decrease in the Index over the time period.
Increase in Value from May 29, 2019 to June 3, 2019
In connection with its efforts to evaluate whether to pursue an initial public offering in the second quarter of 2019, the Company requested that representatives of the managing underwriters provide the Company with an estimated valuation range. On June 3, 2019, the Company, in consultation with the representatives of the underwriters, determined that a [***] price range between $[***] and $[***] per share was expected for the Companys offering, assuming the offering were to price on or before [***], 2019. At that time, representatives of the underwriters indicated to the Company that the proposed range was subject to fluctuation based on market conditions.
The Company believes that the difference between the Companys determination of fair value in June 2019 from the anticipated price range results primarily from the following factors:
| IPO Scenario Probability. The May 29, 2019 third-party valuation report that was used by the Board as part of its determination of the fair value of the Companys common stock in June 2019 assumed that, although an initial public offering was the most likely outcome for the Company, it was not a certainty because several variables would affect this strategy, including market dynamics. However, the estimated offering price range assumes the successful completion of an initial public offering, resulting in an increased common stock valuation as compared to the Companys prior valuations. |
| Enhanced Balance Sheet and Financial Resources. The proceeds of a successful initial public offering would strengthen the Companys balance sheet as a result of increased cash. Additionally, the completion of an initial public offering would provide the Company with access to the public company debt and equity markets. |
| Quantitative vs. Investor Valuations. Valuations obtained by management utilize a quantitative methodology to determine the estimated fair value of the Companys common stock, which may differ from the more qualitative and subjective methodology used by some public market investors to determine the price that they are willing to pay in an initial public offering. |
CERTAIN PORTIONS OF THIS LETTER AS FILED VIA EDGAR HAVE BEEN OMITTED AND FILED SEPARATELY WITH THE COMMISSION. CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT HAS BEEN REQUESTED FOR THE OMITTED PORTIONS, WHICH HAVE BEEN REPLACED WITH THE FOLLOWING PLACEHOLDER: [***].
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Conclusion
Based on the above discussion, the Company believes that the fair values determined by the Board for the common stock applicable to each stock option award are appropriate and demonstrate the good faith efforts of the Board to consider all relevant factors in determining fair value at each valuation date.
Please direct your questions or comments regarding this letter to the undersigned by telephone to 206-839-4845 or by email to andrew.ledbetter@dlapiper.com.
We and the Company appreciate the Staffs attention to this matter.
Very truly yours,
DLA Piper LLP (US)
/s/ Andrew D. Ledbetter
Andrew D. Ledbetter
cc: | Chad Robins, Chief Executive Officer |
Stacy Taylor, General Counsel |
Adaptive Biotechnologies Corporation |
Tyler Hollenbeck |
Kevin Criddle |
DLA Piper LLP (US) |
James Evans |
Robert Freedman |
Amanda Rose |
Fenwick & West LLP |
CERTAIN PORTIONS OF THIS LETTER AS FILED VIA EDGAR HAVE BEEN OMITTED AND FILED SEPARATELY WITH THE COMMISSION. CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT HAS BEEN REQUESTED FOR THE OMITTED PORTIONS, WHICH HAVE BEEN REPLACED WITH THE FOLLOWING PLACEHOLDER: [***].
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